I wanted to
write or inform my friends about my mother language that is Turkmen (türkmençe)
which is the official language of the Republic of Turkmenistan. Of the
approximately 9 million speakers, the majority, a little over 6,5million, lives
in Turkmenistan.
Speakers also live
in Iran (2,000,000), Afghanistan (1,500,000), and to a lesser extent in Turkey,
Uzbekistan, Pakistan. Turkmen is not a literary
language in Iran and Afghanistan, where many Turkmen tend towards bilingualism,
usually conversant in the local dialects of Persian. The Turkmen Language belongs to
the greater family of Turkic languages.
Since
Turkmen is spoken in several countries, it is not surprising that it consists
of a continuum of varieties differing from each other in a pronunciation,
grammar, and vocabulary. Turkmen has numerous dialects, which differ
phonologically and morphologically. Key Dialects: Nokhurly, Yomut, Teke, Salyr,
Saryk, Goklen, Arsary, Chowdur. Written Turkmen today is based on the Teke
(Tekke) dialect.
Turkmen was written with the
Arabic script before 1929. Between 1929 and 1940 it was written with the Latin
alphabet, and from 1940 to 1995 it was written with the Cyrillic alphabet.
Since 1995 Turkmen has been written with a version of the Latin alphabet based
on Turkish. Finally, in 1995, the Täze Türkmen Elipbiýi, or New Alphabet, was
formally introduced by President Niyazov to re-align Turkmenistan with the
non-Soviet world.
The new alphabet (Täze Elipbiý),
containing nine vowels and twenty-one consonants, is much easier for native
English speakers to read and understand than the Cyrillic, and also seems
better suited to the Turkmen language.
In general, Turkmen employs a Subject-Object-Verb
word order, as is typical for Turkic languages, but other orders are possible in
certain discourse situations. As such, Turkmen makes use of postpositions
rather than prepositions, and unique relative clauses that precede the verb. In
some ways Turkmen is an easy language to learn. Unlike Russian or Spanish,
Turkmen has no genders. There are no irregular verbs. For the most parts, words
are written exactly as they are pronounced. Finally, Turkmen's grammatical case
system is remarkably simple once understood, and has almost no exceptions.
To sum up, I hope I could give
same basic information to my you and also here are same basic words and
phrases.
Basic words
English/Turkmen: Hi, Hello
“Salam”, yes “hawa”, no “yok”, and “we”, Help me “(Maňa)kömek edin”, Thank you
“Sag boluň/bol”, sorry “bagyşlaň”, good “gowy”, bad “erbet”.
Relatives
English/Turkmen: father
“ata/kaka”, mother “ene/eje”, son “ogul”, girl “gyz”, mother-in-law “gaýyn
ene”, bride “gelin”, aunt “daýza”, grandmother “mama/ene”, grandfather
“baba/ata”.
Body parts
English/Turkmen: heart “ýürek”,
head “baş”, eye “göz”, ear “gulak”, hair “burun”, hand “el”, finger “barmak”,
foot “aýak”.
Basic phrases
1.
Ýagdaýlaryňyz nähili?
How are you?
2.
Men düşünmedim. I don't understand.
3.
Sag boluň, men oňat.
I'm fine, thank you.
4.
Meniň adym... My
name is...
5.
Siz bilen duşuşmagyma öran şat. Pleased to meet you.
6.
hoş sag boluň goodbye
7.
soňrak duşuşarys see you later
8.
tiz wagtdan duşuşarys
see you soon
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